1. In 1860, ___________ demonstrated fi rst time hydroponics.
(a) Van Neil (b) Van Sachs (c) Arnon (d) Lundergarth
 2. Hydroponics require
(a) purifi ed water (b) impure water
(c) mineral nutrient salt (d) both (a) and (c)
 3. Hydroponic is a successfully employed technique for the commercial production of vegetables 
like
(a) tomato (b) seedless cucumber
(c) lettuce (d) all
 4. Find the true/false statement from the following:
(a) Only 50 elements are found in diff erent plants
(b) In hydroponics, nutrient solution must be adequately aerated to obtain the optimum growth
(c) Some plant species accumulate selenium
(d) By hydroponics essential elements were identifi ed and their defi ciency symptoms 
 discovered
(a) FTTT (b) FFTT (c) FTFT (d) FFFT
 5. Which one of the following is Arnon’s criterion for essentiality of element?
(a) In the absence of element plant do not complete their life cycle or set the seeds
(b) Defi ciency of element cannot be met by supplying other element
(c) Element must be directly involved in the metabolism of the plant
(d) All of the above

7. By some techniques ___________ are able to detect the mineral at very low concentration.
(a) 10–12 gm/ml (b) 10–15 gm/ml (c) 10–10 gm/ml (d) 10–8 gm/ml
 8. On which basis nutrients are divided into macro and micro nutrients?
(a) Quantitative requirement (b) Qualitative requirement
(c) Both (d) None
 9. Following are macronutrients except
(a) N (b) P (c) S (d) Mn
 10. Following are micronutrients except
(a) Zn (b) B (c) Mo (d) Ca
 11. Select the total number of macronutrient from the following:
C, H, O, N, P, S, Cu, Zn, B, Cl, Mn, Ni, K, Ca, Mg, Mo
(a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 10 (d) 11
 12. C, H, O is mainly obtained from
(a) Soil and H2
O (b) Soil only (c) H2
O and CO2
 (d) CO2
 only
 13. What is the number of the absolutely essential elements for growth and metabolism of most plants?
(a) 14 (b) 17 (c) 21 (d) 23
 14. Some benefi cial element required by higher plants are
(a) Na, Si, Co, Se (b) Na, Si, Os, I (c) Na, Co, Ir, At (d) Na, Si, W, Ag
 15. Structural elements of cell are
(a) C, H, O, N (b) N, P, K, Ca (c) Ca, Mg, K (d) Ca, Mg, Fe, O
 16. Select the correct match:
Column I Column II
 A. Mg2+
 – 1. Chlorophyll
B. P – 2. ATP
C. Zn – 3. Alcohol dehydrogenase
D. Mo – 4. Nitrogenase
(a) A–2, B–1, C–3, D–4 (b) A–1, B–2, C–3, D–4
(c) A–4, B–1, C–2, D–3 (d) A–4, B–3, C–2, D–1
 17. Which element play important role in opening and closing of stomata?
(a) P (b) N (c) K (d) Ca
 18. In how many broad categories can the essential elements be grouped on the basis of their
diverse function?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
 19. Which essential nutrient in plant is required in greatest amount?
(a) N (b) P (c) K (d) Ca
 20. Nitrogen is one of the major constituents of
(a) protein (b) nucleic acid
(c) vitamins and hormones (d) all
 21. Select the incorrect match:
Element Absorbable form
(a) Nitrogen – NO−
3 , NO−
2
, NH+
4
,
(b) Sulphur – S2−
(c) Iron – Fe3+
(d) Boron – BO3−
3 , B4
O7
2−


22. Which is required for all phosphorylation reaction?
(a) N (b) Ca (c) P (d) K
 23. Which of the following is the function of potassium?
(1) Cation–anion balance in cell.
(2) Involved in protein synthesis.
(3) Activation of enzyme.
(4) Opening and closing of stomata.
(5) Maintenance of turgidity of cell.
(a) All except 1 (b) All except 1 and 2 (c) All except 3 (d) All
 24. Which element is involved in the formation of mitotic spindle?
(a) N (b) P (c) Ca (d) K
 25. Following functions are related to which element mainly?
(1) Activate enzyme of photosynthesis and respiration.
(2) Involved in synthesis of DNA and RNA.
(3) Help to maintain structure of ribosome.
(a) Ca (b) Mg (c) S (d) Fe
 26. Which of the following group contains sulphur in all members?
(a) Thiamine, ferrodoxin, aspartic acid (b) Biotin, coenzyme A, methionine
(c) Methionine, proline, leucine (d) DNA and RNA
 27. Which of the following is true about iron?
(a) It is a constituent of ferrodoxin and cytochrome
(b) It activates catalase enzyme
(c) It is essential for formation of chlorophyll
(d) All
 28. Which element is related to the splitting of water in light reaction of photosynthesis?
(a) Mn (b) Mo (c) Fe (d) B
 29. Match the column:
Column I Column II
 A. Zinc – 1. Needed for synthesis of Auxin
B. Copper – 2. Essential for water splitting reaction
C. Boron – 3. Pollen germination
D. Molybdenum – 4. Component of nitrate reductase
E. Chlorine – 5. Associated with enzyme involved in Redox reaction
(a) A–2, B–3, C–1, D–5, E–4 (b) A–1, B–2, C–3, D–4, E–5
(c) A–1, B–5, C–3, D–4, E–2 (d) A–5, B–4, C–3, D–2, E–1
 30. Which element generally activates carboxylase enzyme?
(a) Mo (b) Mn (c) Mg (d) Zn
 31. Following functions are related to
(1) Uptake and utilization of calcium
(2) Carbohydrate translocation
(3) Cell elongation and maturation
(4) Membrane functioning
(a) Ca (b) B (c) Mo (d) Zn
 32. Element involved in splitting of water is
(a) Mn (b) Ca (c) Cl (d) all

33. Mn induced defi ciency of
(a) Fe (b) Mg (c) Ca (d) all
 34. Which one of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) The fi rst phase of mineral absorption is the rapid uptake of ions into free or outer space
(b) In the second phase of uptake, ions are slowly taken into inner space the symplast of the cells
(c) Movement of ion is usually called fl ux
(d) Inward movement of ion outfl ux and outword movement of ion is called infl ux
 35. Ascent of mineral is mainly due to
(a) xylem (b) phloem (c) pericycle (d) cortex
 36. Mineral available to plant is mainly obtained from
(a) decay of other plants (b) decay of other animals
(c) weathering of rocks (d) none
 37. Function of soil is to
(a) supply mineral to plant (b) harbour nitrogen fi xing bacteria
(c) hold water and supply air to root (d) all
 38. Fertilizer contains
(a) micronutrient (b) macronutrient (c) both (d) none
 39. Nitrogen is limiting mineral for
(a) natural ecosystem (b) agro ecosystem (c) both (d) none
 40. Conversion N2
 to ammonia is known as
(a) nitrogen fi xation (b) nitrifi cation (c) denitrifi cation (d) ammonifi cation
 41. Lightening and UV radiation can cause a reaction between nitrogen and oxygen and produces
(a) NO (b) NO2
 (c) N2
O (d) All
 42. Decomposition of organic nitrogen of dead plants and animals into ammonia is called
(a) Nitrogen fi xation (b) Nitrifi cation (c) Denitrifi cation (d) Ammonifi cation
 43. What happens to ammonia formed by ammonifi cation?
(a) Some gets volatilized
(b) Most of it gets converted into nitrate by soil bacteria
(c) Some will undergo biological nitrogen fi xation
(d) Both (a) and (b)
 44. 2NH3 + 3O2 → 2NO2
− + 2H+
 +2H2
O.
Reaction can be caused by
(1) nitrosomonas. (2) nitrococcus. (3) nitrobacter.
(4) pseudomonas. (5) thiobacillus.
(a) 1 and 5 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 4 and 5 only (d) Only 3
 45. 2NO2
− + O2 → 2NO3
−
.
This step of process nitrifi cation is done by ___________ bacteria.
(a) pseudomonas (b) thiobacillus (c) nitrobacter (d) nitrococcus
 46. Nitrifying bacteria are
(a) photoautotroph (b) chemoautotroph (c) heterotrophy (d) all
 47. Nitrate present in the soil is also reduced to nitrogen by the process of denitrifi cation it is car-
ried out by
(a) pseudomonas (b) thiobacillus (c) rhizobium (d) both (a) and (b)
 48. Reduction of nitrogen to ammonia by living organism is called
(a) nitrifi cation (b) denitrifi cation
(c) biological nitrogen fi xation (d) ammonifi cation

49. N ≡ N → NH3
.
Reaction catalyzed by enzyme:
(a) Isomerase (b) Nitrogenase
(c) Carbonic anhydrase (d) Higase
 50. Frankia produced nitrogen by fi xing nodule on
(a) lentils (b) garden pea (c) alnus (d) broad bean
 51. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) Rhizobium and frankia are free living bacteria of soil
(b) Rhizobium is rod shaped (Bacillus)
(c) Root nodule of pulse are pink due to the presence of leg-hemoglobin
(d) Rhizobium and frankia can fi x nitrogen as free living bacteria
 52. Leg-hemoglobin means
(a) low grade hemoglobin (b) luminous hemoglobin
(c) leguminous hemoglobin (d) low level hemoglobin
 53. Sequential stage for principal stages of nodule formation are
(1) Rhizobia multiply and colonies the surrounding roots.
(2) Rhizobia attached to epidermal and root hair cells.
(3) Root hair curl and bacterial invade root hair.
(4) Initiation of nodule formation in cortex.
(5) Infection thread is produced carrying bacteria to cortex.
(6) Bacteria released from thread into cells and causes their diff erentiation in specialized
nitrogen fi xing cells.
(7) Nodule formed establish, a direct vascular connection with the host for exchange of nutrient.
(a) I → VII → II → VI → III → V → IV (b) II → III → IV → I → VII → V → VI
(c) VII → VI → IV → I → III → V → II (d) I → II → III → V → IV → VI → VII
 54. Root nodule of leguminous plant contains
(a) nitrogenase (b) leg hemoglobin (c) both (d) none
 55. Enzyme nitrogenase is
(a) Mo-Fe protein (b) Mo-Mn protein (c) Mn-Fe protein (d) Cu-Fe protein
 56. Which cells are divided into nodule formation?
(a) Cortex (b) Pericycle (c) Endodermis (d) Both (a) and (b)
 57. For production of 2 mol. NH3
 how much ATP is required in biological nitrogen fi xation reac-
tion (i. e. N2 → 2NH3
)?
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 16 (d) 32
 58. Nitrogenase require ___________ condition for its activity.
(a) aerobic (b) anaerobic
(c) ozonised environment (d) CO2
 59. Which of the following is incorrect about nitrogen fi xation in module?
(a) It is a high energy process
(b) Leg-hemoglobin acts as oxygen scavenger
(c) Mg is required as a cofactor for nitrogenase enzyme
(d) Process use atmospheric nitrogen but not atmospheric hydrogen directly
 60. Fats of NH3
 formed during biological nitrogen fi xation is
(a) NH3
 protonated to form
(b) NH4
+ ion formed used for reductive amination
(c) glutamic acid formed under reductive amination undergo transamination
(d) all

61. Which is the main amino acid that is used for transamination?
(a) Tyrosine (b) Proline (c) Glutamic acid (d) Alanine

63. Select the incorrect statement from the following:
(a) The amides‒aspargine and glutamine are found in plant as structural part of protein
(b) Amides contain less nitrogen than amino acid
(c) NH2
 radicle transported to other parts via xylem
(d) In soyabean fi xed nitrogen is transported as ureides
 64. Ureides have
(a) high N/C ratio (b) low N/C ratio (c) any of the above (d) none
 65. Which of the following is incorrect about NH4
+
 ion?
(a) Formed by protonation of NH3
(b) Leaks toxic so the same can be accumulated in plant
(c) Used to synthesize amino acid in plant
(d) All are incorrect
 66. Select true and false statement:
(a) Boron defi ciency leads to stout axis
(b) Every mineral element that is present in a cell is needed by the cell
(c) Nitrogen as a nutrient element is highly immobile in the plants
(d) It is very easy to establish the essentiality of micronutrients because they are required only
in trace quantities
(a) FFFT (b) FFTT (c) TTFF (d) TTTF
 67. What is critical concentration?
(a) Concentration of essential element which causes fl owering in plant
(b) Concentration of essential element which is easily absorbed by plant
(c) Concentration of essential element below which plant growth is retarded
(d) All
 68. Select true and false statement:
A. Morphological changes which are indicative of certain element defi ciencies are known as
defi ciency symptoms.
B. For actively mobilized element defi ciency symptoms fi rst appear in older tissues.
C. When element is relatively immobile defi ciency symptom fi rst appear in younger tissue.
D. Mineral nutrition study of plant have great signifi cance to agriculture and horticulture.
(a) FFFT (b) FFTT (c) TTFF (d) TTTF
 69. Defi ciency symptom of N, K and Mg appears in
(a) young leaf (b) meristematic tissue
(c) young stem (d) senescent leaves

70. Which elements are relatively immobalized?
(a) N and P (b) K and Mg (c) S and Ca (d) N and Mg
 71. Defi ciency symptom includes
(a) chlorosis and necrosis
(b) stunted plant growth and inhibition of cell division
(c) premature fall of leaves and buds
(d) all
 72. Chlorosis is caused due to the defi ciency of
(a) N, K, Mg (b) S, Fe, Mn (c) Zn and Me (d) All
 73. Necrosis particularly leaf tissue is caused by
(a) Ca and Mg (b) Cu (c) K (d) All
 74. Low level of N, K, S, Mo is caused by
(a) chlorosis (b) inhibition of cell division
(c) both (d) none
 75. Delay in fl owering occurs due to the defi ciency of
(a) N (b) S (c) Mo (d) All
 76. Technique of growing plants without soil in nutrient solutions is called
(a) parthenogenesis (b) hydroponics (c) aquaculture (d) tissue culture
 77. Which of the following element is not essential for plants?
(a) Iron (b) Zinc (c) Potassium (d) Iodine
 78. Inorganic nutrients are present in the soil in the form of
(a) molecules (b) atoms
(c) electrically charged ions (d) parasite
 79. Tracer elements are
(a) micro elements (b) macro elements
(c) radio isotopes (d) vitamins
 80. Death of stem and root tips occur due to the defi ciency of
(a) phosphorus (b) calcium (c) nitrogen (d) carbon
 81. Plants requiring two metallic compounds (minerals) for chlorophyll synthesis are
(a) Fe and Ca (b) Fe and Mg (c) Cu and Ca (d) Ca and K
 82. Calcium can eff ect
(a) permeability of plasma membrane
(b) hydration of colloids
(c) translocation of carbohydrates and amino acids
(d) development of root
 83. Which of the following is not absorbed through soil?
(a) Carbon (b) Nitrogen (c) Potassium (d) All
 84. Which of the following is considered to be the elements between macro nutrients and micro
nutrients?
(a) Iron (b) Nitrogen (c) Phosphorus (d) Manganese
 85. The major role of phosphorus in plant metabolism is
(a) to generate metabolic energy
(b) to evolve oxygen during photosynthesis
(c) to evolve carbon dioxide during respiration
(d) to create anaerobic conditions

86. Phosphorus is a structural element in
(a) Fat (b) Starch (c) Nucleotide (d) Carbohydrate
 87. The most abundent element present in the plants is
(a) Manganese (b) Iron (c) Carbon (d) Nitrogen
 88. Photosynthetic photolysis of water takes place in presence of
(a) Mn (b) Cl (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None
 89. Copper is the component of
(a) Cytochrome oxidase (b) Plastocyanin
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None
 90. Which of the following element is a component of ferredoxin?
(a) Cu (b) Mn (c) Zn (d) Fe
 91. Function of zinc is
(a) synthesis of chlorophyll (b) biosynthesis of IAA
(c) closing of stomata (d) oxidation of carbohydrate
 92. The process by which minerals are absorbed is
(a) active absorption (b) passive absorption
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) none
 93. Active uptake of minerals by roots mainly depends on the
(a) availability of oxygen (b) light
(c) temperature (d) availability of carbon dioxide



95. Nitrogen is a component of
(a) Protein (b) Chlorophyll (c) Nucleic acid (d) All
 96. Which one of the following can fi x atmospheric nitrogen directly?
(a) Pea (b) Brassica (c) Castor (d) Petunia
 97. Knot like bodies known as ‘nodules’ found in the roots of groundnut plant are produced by
(a) Azospirillum (b) Azotobacter (c) Pseudomonas (d) Rhizobium
 98. Nitrogen fi xation means
(a) N2
 changes in NO−
3 (b) N2 changes in NH3
(c) N2 change into nitrates (d) none
 99. Nif genes occur in
(a) Rhizobium (b) Aspergillus (c) Penicillium (d) Streptococcus



101. Which of the following pigments is essential for the nitrogen fi xation by leguminous plants?
(a) Anthocyanin (b) Phycocyanin
(c) Phycoerythrin (d) Leghaemoglobin




Answer Keys -


 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (d)
 11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (d)
 21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (c) 30. (d)
 31. (b) 32. (d) 33. (d) 34. (d) 35. (a) 36. (c) 37. (d) 38. (c) 39. (c) 40. (a)
 41. (d) 42. (d) 43. (d) 44. (b) 45. (c) 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (c) 49. (b) 50. (c)
 51. (d) 52. (c) 53. (d) 54. (c) 55. (a) 56. (d) 57. (c) 58. (b) 59. (c) 60. (d)
 61. (c) 62. (a) 63. (b) 64. (a) 65. (b) 66. (a) 67. (c) 68. (a) 69. (d) 70. (c)
 71. (d) 72. (d) 73. (d) 74. (c) 75. (d) 76. (b) 77. (d) 78. (c) 79. (c) 80. (b)
 81. (b) 82. (a) 83. (a) 84. (a) 85. (a) 86. (c) 87. (c) 88. (c) 89. (c) 90. (d)
 91. (b) 92. (c) 93. (a) 94. (c) 95. (d) 96. (a) 97. (d) 98. (b) 99. (a) 100. (d)
 101. (d)